Intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) can cause sudden pain, weakness, or even paralysis in dogs. If your dog has been diagnosed with IVDD and your vet has recommended surgery, it’s important to understand what that means.

This page will walk you through everything you need to know about IVDD surgery, including how successful it is, the risks involved, how much it costs, and what to expect during recovery.

How successful is IVDD surgery in dogs?

The success of IVDD surgery depends on how severe your dog’s condition is when they are treated.

If your dog can still walk at the time of surgery, the chances of a good recovery are high and often close to 90%. This means most dogs will return to walking normally within a few weeks or months, depending on the level of damage.

If your dog can’t walk but still has feeling in their legs, the success rate drops but is still around 50% to 60%. These dogs need surgery quickly. If your dog has lost all deep pain sensation, the success rate drops further. In those cases, time is critical. Dogs with no pain sensation need surgery within 24 hours for the best chance of walking again.

Surgery doesn’t guarantee a full recovery, but many dogs get better with the right care. Some may need help walking even after surgery, especially older dogs or dogs with long-term nerve damage.

What are the risks of IVDD surgery in dogs?

IVDD surgery is considered safe when done by a skilled veterinary surgeon, but as with any major procedure, there are some risks.

These are the most common complications:

• Infection at the surgery site
  

• Bleeding or fluid buildup near the spine
  

• Temporary or permanent nerve damage
  

• Difficulty controlling urination or bowel movements
  

• Pain during the healing process
  

• Poor healing if post-surgery restrictions are not followed

Some dogs also have problems due to anesthesia, especially older pets or those with other health conditions. It’s important to work closely with your vet both before and after surgery to watch for any signs of trouble.

How much does IVDD surgery cost?

The cost of IVDD surgery depends on your location, the size of your dog, the type of clinic you use, and whether or not your dog needs emergency treatment.

Here’s a rough breakdown of common costs:

• Initial diagnosis and imaging (X-rays or MRI): $1,500 to $3,000
  

• Surgery itself: $2,000 to $5,000
  

• Hospital stay and medications: $1,000 to $3,000
  

• Physical therapy after surgery: $500 to $2,000

In total, most dog owners pay between $4,000 and $8,000. Emergency cases, or those needing care at a specialty hospital, may cost $10,000 or more.

Some pet insurance plans cover a portion of the cost, especially if you have coverage in place before the diagnosis. Payment plans or veterinary credit programs are also available at some clinics.

What is the recovery timeline after IVDD surgery?

Recovery takes time and patience. Your dog will not get better overnight, but steady progress is normal with proper care.

Here’s what you can expect:

First 1 to 2 weeks

Your dog will stay at the clinic for a few days after surgery. Once home, they need to be kept in a crate or small pen. Movement must be limited. Short bathroom breaks on a leash are fine. Pain medications and anti-inflammatory drugs are usually prescribed.

If your dog cannot urinate on their own, your vet may show you how to express their bladder. Keep the area clean to prevent infection.

Weeks 3 to 4

You can slowly start gentle rehab. This may include guided standing exercises, light stretching, or short walks. Your vet may recommend working with a rehab specialist.

Your dog must still stay in a restricted space. No stairs, jumping, or playing with other pets.

Weeks 5 to 8

If your dog is showing improvement, activity can increase a little. Many dogs begin walking again around this time, although they may still be wobbly.

Hydrotherapy, such as underwater treadmill sessions, can help build strength safely.

After 8 weeks

Most dogs who recover well are ready to resume normal home life. Continue light exercise and avoid rough play. Some dogs still need help walking or keeping their balance.

Even if walking returns, some dogs never regain full control over urination or bowel movements. Your vet will guide you on long-term care needs.

When is a dog wheelchair helpful after IVDD surgery?

Some dogs don’t fully recover the ability to walk, or they remain weak in their back legs. In these cases, a dog wheelchair can help keep your pet active and comfortable.

Walkin’ Pets offers wheelchairs made specifically for dogs with rear-leg weakness or paralysis. These are often used:

• While waiting for recovery during the rehab period
  

• If your dog has permanent mobility issues after surgery
  

• For senior dogs who tire easily but still want to explore
  

• As a backup tool for walks and outdoor time
  

A wheelchair does not mean your dog is giving up. It gives your dog a safe way to move while healing, and can be a long-term mobility aid if needed.

What should I do at home to help my dog recover?

Helping your dog recover from IVDD surgery takes planning and consistency. Here are the most important steps:

1. Set up a recovery space: Use a crate or small playpen with soft bedding. Make sure it’s away from stairs and slippery floors.
   

2. Limit movement: No running, no jumping, and no rough play. Keep walks short and controlled.
   

3. Monitor for changes: Watch for signs of pain, swelling, loss of appetite, or trouble urinating. Call your vet if you notice anything new.
   

4. Stick to the medication schedule: Give all medications exactly as prescribed.
   

5. Follow up with your vet: Check in regularly. Your vet may adjust your rehab plan based on progress.
   

6. Consider rehab therapy: Physical therapy helps many dogs recover faster and more fully. Hydrotherapy, massage, and muscle exercises may all be recommended.
   

7. Support with equipment if needed: If walking is a challenge, use a rear-support harness or dog wheelchair to assist with movement.

Moving forward after surgery

Surgery for IVDD can feel overwhelming, but many dogs go on to live active, happy lives. Some return to normal function, while others may always need a bit of help. The key is knowing what to expect and giving your dog the right support at each step.

If your dog needs extra help walking after surgery, a wheelchair can make a real difference. Walkin’ Pets offers reliable, adjustable wheelchairs that are built for safety, comfort, and daily use. They're easy to fit and designed with recovery in mind.

Every dog deserves the chance to move with ease. With the right care, most dogs with IVDD can regain comfort, mobility, and a great quality of life.