When a dog is diagnosed with Stage 4 Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD), it can feel overwhelming. But clear information helps you stay calm and know what steps to take. This guide explains Stage 4 IVDD in simple terms. You will learn what it means, how to spot it, how it is treated, and what recovery usually looks like.

What is Stage 4 IVDD in dogs?

IVDD happens when the cushion-like discs between a dog’s spine bones slip or break down. When this happens, the disc presses on the spinal cord. This causes pain, nerve damage, or trouble moving.

Veterinarians group IVDD into stages from 1 to 5. Stage 4 means the dog has lost the ability to walk on its own but can still feel deep pain in the back legs or paws. This stage is very serious but many dogs recover well with the right treatment.

Dogs in Stage 4 often have weak or paralyzed back legs but they can still feel pinching or pressure. If the dog loses all feeling in the deep nerves, the condition becomes Stage 5, which is harder to treat.

How does a dog develop Stage 4 IVDD?

Dogs can reach Stage 4 suddenly or slowly over time. Small breeds with long backs are more likely to have IVDD. Common breeds include Dachshunds, Beagles, and Corgis. Older dogs and overweight dogs have higher risks too.

A small jump from furniture or a slip on stairs can sometimes push a disc out of place. Other times, discs wear down on their own with age. Not every case can be prevented but helping a dog stay fit and using ramps instead of stairs can lower the risk.

What are signs of Stage 4 IVDD in dogs?

It is important to know the signs so you can get help fast. A dog with Stage 4 IVDD may show:

• Sudden weakness in the back legs
  

• Dragging back paws
  

• Crying when picked up or touched on the back
  

• Stiff back or muscle spasms
  

• Trouble controlling pee or poop

If you see these signs, keep your dog calm and still. Call your vet as soon as possible. Early care can make a big difference in how well the dog recovers.

How do vets diagnose Stage 4 IVDD?

A vet checks for IVDD with a physical exam first. They test how your dog moves its legs, feels pain, and responds to touch. If the vet suspects a slipped disc, they may suggest scans like X-rays or an MRI. These show where the disc is pressing on the spine.

Sometimes blood tests help rule out other problems. Quick and clear testing helps vets decide the best treatment.

What treatment works best for Stage 4 IVDD?

Stage 4 IVDD is serious. Treatment often needs quick action to protect the spinal cord. There are two main ways to help: non-surgical care and surgery.

Non-surgical care

If the dog still feels deep pain and the vet thinks surgery is not needed, strict rest is a must. This means your dog stays in a crate or small pen for about 4 to 6 weeks with only short bathroom breaks. Moving too much can make the disc slip more.

Pain medicine and anti-inflammatory drugs help manage swelling and pain. Some dogs also need help emptying their bladder if they cannot do it on their own. Gentle physical therapy can help later when the dog is more stable.

Surgery

Many Stage 4 dogs need surgery, especially if they get worse quickly or do not improve with rest. The surgeon removes the part of the disc pressing on the spinal cord. Surgery works best when done within 48 hours of losing the ability to walk.

After surgery, dogs need rest and rehab. The vet team will guide you on how much your dog can move, when to start gentle exercises, and how to care for wounds.

How long does it take for dogs to recover from Stage 4 IVDD?

Every dog heals at its own pace. Some dogs can stand up within two weeks after surgery. Others may need two to three months or more to build strength.

Strict rest is very important at first. Slowly, short walks and simple exercises help the legs get stronger. Many dogs also do hydrotherapy, which is walking in water to build muscles safely.

Your vet may adjust the plan as your dog heals. Stay patient and follow your vet’s advice. Recovery often takes weeks or months, not days.

What if my dog cannot walk well after treatment?

Some dogs regain full movement. Others have weakness or dragging legs. Many dogs stay happy and active even with mild disability. For dogs who cannot walk well, a dog wheelchair can help.

A rear support wheelchair lifts the back legs off the ground and supports the body. This lets dogs keep moving without pain or injury from dragging. Many dogs in wheelchairs run, play, and go on long walks. Using a wheelchair also keeps muscles from getting too weak.

Walkin’ Pets makes adjustable wheelchairs that fit dogs of many sizes. They are light and easy to use. Many pet parents say their dogs feel happy and confident again when they can explore freely.

How can I make my home safer for a dog with IVDD?

Good home care makes a big difference. A few simple changes help:

• Put rugs or mats on slippery floors.
  

• Use ramps to help your dog get on the couch or bed safely.
  

• Block stairs or high furniture.
  

• Use a harness for walks instead of pulling on a collar.
  

• Keep your dog at a healthy weight to lower strain on the spine.

Soft bedding and easy access to water and food help too. Small steps help prevent more back injuries.

How can I support my dog’s happiness during recovery?

Dogs in recovery need gentle love and patience. Spend quiet time together. Give calm, low-impact toys. Some dogs enjoy puzzles or treat mats that keep the mind busy without too much movement.

If your dog uses a wheelchair, take slow walks and let them sniff around. Many dogs feel proud when they can move again.

Stay positive and celebrate small wins. Dogs feel your energy and do best when they feel safe and loved.

Helping your dog live well with Stage 4 IVDD

Stage 4 IVDD can be scary but with quick care, a safe home, and the right tools, many dogs go back to living good lives. Some dogs run again. Others may need a wheelchair to keep moving. What matters most is giving them love, care, and a safe place to heal.

If you ever feel unsure, ask your vet for advice. And if your dog needs help to walk again, a quality dog wheelchair from Walkin’ Pets can make every day brighter and more active.

References

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7725764/

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9511077/

https://www.orthopt.org/uploads/16_Animal_SIG_Newsletter%5B2%5D.pdf

https://therehabvet.com/2017/10/ivdd-grades-3-and-4/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canine_physical_therapy

https://www.dvm360.com/view/making-cut-surgical-versus-medical-management-canine-disk-disease